translation:
31. If you avoid the great sins which you are forbidden to do, We shall remit from you your (small) sins, and admit you to a Noble Entrance (i.e. Paradise).
32. And wish not for the things in which Allah has made some of you to excel others. For men there is reward for what they have earned, (and likewise) for women there is reward for what they have earned, and ask Allah of His Bounty. Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.
33. And to everyone, We have appointed heirs of that (property) left by parents and relatives. To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion (by Wasiya - wills, etc.). Truly, Allah is Ever a Witness over all things.
34. Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to Allah and to their husbands), and guard in the husband's absence what Allah orders them to guard (e.g. their chastity, their husband's property, etc.). As to those women on whose part you see ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (next), refuse to share their beds, (and last) beat them (lightly, if it is useful), but if they return to obedience, seek not against them means (of annoyance). Surely, Allah is Ever Most High, Most Great.
35. If you fear a breach between them twain (the man and his wife), appoint (two) arbitrators, one from his family and the other from her's; if they both wish for peace, Allah will cause their reconciliation. Indeed Allah is Ever All-Knower, Well-Acquainted with all things.
Explanation
31. If you avoid the great sins which you are forbidden to do, We shall remit from you your (small) sins, and admit you to a Noble Entrance (i.e. Paradise).
32. And wish not for the things in which Allah has made some of you to excel others. For men there is reward for what they have earned, (and likewise) for women there is reward for what they have earned, and ask Allah of His Bounty. Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.
33. And to everyone, We have appointed heirs of that (property) left by parents and relatives. To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion (by Wasiya - wills, etc.). Truly, Allah is Ever a Witness over all things.
34. Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to Allah and to their husbands), and guard in the husband's absence what Allah orders them to guard (e.g. their chastity, their husband's property, etc.). As to those women on whose part you see ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (next), refuse to share their beds, (and last) beat them (lightly, if it is useful), but if they return to obedience, seek not against them means (of annoyance). Surely, Allah is Ever Most High, Most Great.
35. If you fear a breach between them twain (the man and his wife), appoint (two) arbitrators, one from his family and the other from her's; if they both wish for peace, Allah will cause their reconciliation. Indeed Allah is Ever All-Knower, Well-Acquainted with all things.
Explanation
The believers are being told to abstain from the Kabira (major) sins. According to a hadith there are 7 major sins :
- · Shirk – association of any being living of dead with Allah
- Magic
- Murder
- Riba
- Unjust aquistion of an orphan’s property
- Fleeing from the battlefield
- Accusing a pure woman of adultery (zinah).
Other hadiths declare abortion and giving false testimony to be a major sin as well. The mercy of Allah is once again being brought to the forefront in this verse which says that if the believers abstain from the major sins than Allah will distance us from the smaller sins and bless us with Heaven in the Hereafter.
Allah forbids the believers from fretting over what others have been blessed with because it only leads to jealousy, discontentment and frustration. If someone is the recipient of the blessings of Allah then praying for similar blessings is permissible as long as the person does not wish for those blessing to be snatched from the other. Everyone will get what they have worked for and what they deserve. No one gets more or less than what they deserve. So ill wishing someone that their blessing be taken away from them is completely forbidden. However, praying to Allah to keep the other person blessed and to shower us with similar blessings if its in our favour is the right approach and one that is liked by Allah. Verse 32 also indicates that in the hereafter what one is blessed with will not be dependent on the gender of the person rather it will be dependent on what they strived for in this world.
And whoever dies and leaves behind inheritance, Allah has defined the laws of distribution and inheritance. 2/3rd of the the wealth and property will be distributed to the relatives as per the rules of inheritance declared by Allah and no will can be made for this 2/3rd portion. The remaining 1/3rd of the wealth and property can be distributed amongst non-relatives and friends as per the will written by the deceased. This will should include any promise made to friends or any other non-relatives since they do not have a share in the 2/3rd of inheritance which is strictly reserved for blood relatives. And no one should transgress against these rules defined by Allah because whoever tries to do so should be aware that Allah knows and sees everything.
Allah had made man the provider and protector of women on this earth. Allah gave this responsibility to men because He blessed men with physical strength and emotional stability and also because men have been told to spend a part of their income on their women and hence they get the honour of being the protector of their women. Allah protected the rights of women by making men their lawful protector through nikah. A pious woman has the following attributes:
- They are not arrogant rather they are submissive in nature both to Allah and their husbands
- They guard the secrets of their husband, his property, his reputation etc.
But women who fail to give their husbands their lawful rights then in that case the husband is told to first gently talk to her, explain to her what she is doing wrong. If this doesn’t work then he is commanded to leave her alone in bed (not have physical relations with her until she realizes her mistake ). If even this doesn’t work then he is allowed to hit her (care being taken then he can only hit her in a manner that does not severely hurt her or leave any marks of injury etc). This is actually the last straw made permissible ONLY if the wife does not realize her mistake through other attempts of the husband. (this act of hitting her is not meant to hurt her physically but rather its supposed to me more of an emotional hit where the insult of being hit will make her come to her senses.) And if then the wife realizes her mistake and gives her husband his lawful rights then men should not be unfair or unjust with them because Allah knows and sees everything. But even after the attempts of the husband, if things don’t get better between the husband and wife and there is fear of their marriage being broken, then two arbitrators may be appointed- one from the family of the husband and the other from the family of the wife. And then they will decide the case based on who is at fault. And if then the husband and wife wish to end their differences and reconcile then Allah will bless their hearts with love for one another.
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